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这一工业用地开发项目的使用者目标是私营的中小型企业，为它们在中国大城市的周边地区提供经济实惠的办公空间。与国有企业相比，这些民营企业虽然不是社会的经济主体，但它们在构建实体经济方面发挥着至关重要的作用。中国社会在经历了30年蓬勃发展的房地产支持型经济之后，已经认识到这一点。该设计运用模块的概念来实现预算控制，同时提供绿色、灵活和互动的办公空间。设计试图在寻求新型的和人性化办公空间的同时，反映出对工业制造理性的认知，唤起和保留对基址曾经工业化的记忆。
This industrial real estate development targets at private small and mid-sized research and technological enterprises to provide them with affordable office spaces at the fringe of big cities. These private enterprises, although non main economic actors comparing to state owned enterprises, are playing an essential role in building a real economy, as Chinese society has come to realize after 30 years of a booming real estate backed economy. The design applies concept of module to achieve budget control while offering green, flexible and interactive office spaces that nurture creativity.
▼办公组团鸟瞰图，bird-eye’s view of the complex ©️He Lian
项目背景 | Project Background
在中国的一至三线城市的边缘地区，政府总体规划定位了一些工业用地，原本是用于建造服务于城市的工业厂房。然而在快速发展的城市化进程中，政策上对环境污染的控制和经济上的产业升级，促使制造型的大型厂房要搬离主要城市，城市边上这些工业性质用地也随之开始面临新的业态的注入。
工业用地的性质来自政府对城市总体规划定位，很难改变，于是与工业制造业相关的研发办公类产业成为这些用地的主要内容和功能。我们的甲方经过市场分析测算，从政府手里拿到地，与建筑师合作研发出适合市场需求的办公建筑产品，建造成一个以办公建筑为主的，带有小部分商业配套的科技研发企业园区。这便是设计开始的前提。企业园区建成后的销售或租赁对象是中型和小型私营企业。这些企业在发展的过程中需要从四五线城市进阶到更大的城市，而城市中心区昂贵的办公租金并非合适的选择，于是这些企业会在大城市的外围地区购买一个价格相对便宜的专属自己的企业独栋办公楼。
In the outskirts of the second and third-tier cities in China, some areas have been defined as industrial by the governments to accommodate manufactures to serve for the city’s development. However, due to rapid urbanization, more strict environmental pollution control and industrial upgrading, large-scale manufacture plants must move away from major cities. Consequently, new industries are in demand to fulfill these industrial sites in the urban fringe, and the main industries and functions that are filling up the spaces are now research and technology businesses relevant to manufacturing industries.
Our client is a private investment company who has procured the land from the local government after conducting market analysis to develop products of office architecture that meet market demand: an office park that contains mainly single office units and with a fraction for commercial facilities. This is the premise of the design. Target sales and leasing tenants of the office compound are small and medium-size private enterprises. Some of these companies need to upgrade to bigger cities from fourth or fifth-tier cities. They would choose to rent or buy an independent office building of their own on the fringe of city at an affordable price than paying for expensive downtown rent. Moreover, the large-scale industrial plants aforementioned that have moved away still need some functions such as showrooms or clearing houses to remain at the previous location to maintain the bond with big cities. Such market demand hence becomes the backbone of business operation of the office park.
▼办公组团外观，建筑采用白色的曲线造型，exterior view of the complex with white curve boundaries ©Feng Shuxian
另外那些搬离城市周边的大型工业制造企业仍需要将自己的展厅或结算中心留在原地，以便与大城市保持密切联系。这种市场需求成为企业办公园区运营的经济支撑。新型企业的入驻，给当地政府带来远高于从前的税收。政府因此会很愿意以便宜的地价将土地出让给有合理策划案的开发商，使得企业园区建成后的售价和租金都不高，在私营企业负担得起的范围内。这样的开发模式使得地方政府、开发商、入驻的私营企业都获益，形成市场机制下的良性循环。
天筠办公组团是在北京落成的一个基本组团，是我们与甲方合作研发的办公建筑产品的成果展示，同时用作市场测试。以期未来在别的城市更大规模的实施应用。
The influx of new businesses will bring unprecedentedly higher tax revenue to local governments. Thus the local governments are more than willing to offer the land to real estate developers with rational proposals at a bargain price, which makes it possible for the sales and leasing prices of the end product affordable to private enterprises. This business model benefits local government, developer and private companies, creating a virtuous circle under market mechanism.
Tianyun Office complex is a principal and sample complex completed in Beijing. It is used in testing markets to future large-scale implementations in other cities.
▼办公组团外观，相邻两层的曲线存在一定的差异性，exterior view of the complex, curve boundaries of two adjacent levels are slightly different ©️Zhou Ruogu (up), ©Feng Shuxian (down)
基本单元 | Unit Study
我们的设计采用模块化的概念，从研究办公的基本单元开始。每个办公单元的室内平面尺度是一个或者两个8.4米乘8.4米结构框架单位加上周边3.3米的悬挑，并配有一个功能核，其中有一部楼梯、一部电梯和一个卫生间。这样的大小单位组合在一起可以形成几个基本的形体：I形、T形、L型、以及十字形，以便组合成更丰富的建筑组团和室外空间。几个基本组合的功能核设计既需要解决办公单元之间的衔接，又需要使交通面积最精简，以得到最大化的有效办公空间。楼的高度可以是5层到7层。
▼基本单元推导过程，形成I形、T形、L型、以及十字形等的基本形体，the generation process of the unit, forming several basic geometrical forms: I-shaped, T-shaped and cross-shaped
▼曲线形外立面/阳台形成过程，generation process of the curve facades / balconies
Our design started from studying the basic office unit. The concept of Modularization is applied in the design of office unit. The floor plan is defined by either one or two 8.4m by 8.4m structure frames with an additional 3.3m cantilever to facilitate office use. Combined with it is an efficient functional core that has solved the puzzle of connecting office units and maximizing the office space use to achieve a room rate at minimum 90%. Units can be arranged to form several basic geometrical forms: I-shaped, T-shaped and cross-shaped, which can be mixed and configured to achieve rich architectural forms and urban spaces. The height of each building can be 5 to 7 floors above ground.
▼办公组团外观，每座办公楼地上都有5-7层楼高度，exterior view of the complex, each building has five to seven floors above ground ©Feng Shuxian
建筑尺度 | Application in Architectural Scale
天筠组团源于基地的特征，选用四个L型将基地围合出一个中心广场。每个L型由一大一小两个办公单元组成，地上七层楼高度。大的单元总建筑面积是2600㎡,小的是1900㎡。
The design of Tianyun complex is based on the characteristic of the site. L-shaped form was chosen from the four basic geometries to enclose the site to generate a central plaza. Each L-shape building is made of two office units. The buildings have seven floors above ground and one basement level. The total floor area of the large unit is 2600 sqm, while the small unit is 1900 sqm.
▼办公组团外观，四个L型将基地围合出一个中心广场，exterior view of the complex, four L-shaped forms enclose the site to generate a central plaza ©️He Lian
▼办公楼单体及中心广场的木制铺面步道，the office building and the wood-paved path in the central plaza ©️He Lian
外形设计上同样强调模块化。设计中做了五种曲线边界在垂直方向渐变的研究，最终选择了最简洁的两种边界曲线的交替重复，舍去了更多形式上的变化。这种选择的意义在于：如果考虑高频率重复，则办公单元越简洁，模块越少，越有利于复制和减少工程造价。两种曲线边界的交替，已经能够给阳台和室内空间带来更充分的阳光，并且使人在阳台上感受更丰富的空间变化。曲线阳台围绕建筑一周，栽有绿植，创造出人在工作之余休憩的流动空间。
▼办公组团外观局部，曲线阳台围绕建筑一周，栽有绿植，partial exterior view of the complex, the alteration of two curve boundaries create balconies with plants around office buildings ©️He Lian
The architecture facade is also based on modularization. Rounded corner emphasizes fluidity as well as symbolizing harmony in Chinese traditional culture. We have made analysis on the gradual changes of five types of curve boundaries in the vertical direction and then reduced to an alternate repetitions of two curve boundaries. An office unit with less modules is to maximize the efficiency of duplication and to minimize construction cost when high-frequency repetition is anticipated in a bigger scale development. The alteration of two curve boundaries is sufficient in providing more sunlight to the interior while enriching an individual’s experience of spatial change on the balcony.
▼办公组团外观局部，选择最简洁的两种边界曲线的交替重复，partial exterior view of the complex, each building features for an alternate repetitions of two curve boundaries ©Feng Shuxian
▼办公楼外观局部，partial exterior view of the office building ©Feng Shuxian
▼办公楼的白色曲线形外观局部，partial exterior view of the white curve boundaries of the office building ©️He Lian
▼办公楼外观局部，曲线阳台创造出人在工作之余休憩的流动空间，partial exterior view of the office building, curve balconies enrich an individual’s experience ©️He Lian
模块叠加的办公单元结构从建造上节约了成本，使有限的预算承载得起室外周圈栽有绿植的阳台，每层形成一圈人与自然相融的灰空间。大叶黄杨被选作为阳台上的种植品种，这几乎是唯一的植物，在北方的冬季依然能够保持绿色。办公单元内有一个紧凑的功能核，每层都是三面通透的落地玻璃，为使用者最大程度地提供了自然采光和面向户外的视野，同时为入驻企业提供了最大的灵活度去自行设计室内空间。地下层设置了停车和餐厅。广场上的玻璃屋顶为地下餐厅带来天光。所有的选材与用料都来自国内的品牌，也帮助了节约成本。
▼办公楼外观局部，在室外周围的曲线阳台上栽有植物，partial exterior view of the office building with the balconies with plants around ©️He Lian
▼曲线形的绿植阳台，the curve balcony with plants ©️He Lian
The modularization system saved cost in construction, so the balconies with planters around is affordable within the limit of the budget. The curved balconies with planters embrace the glazed office spaces and creates fluid social space during work breaks. Due to the cold weather in the north part of China, instead of applying deciduous ivy, euonymus japonicus was chosen to create plant terraces to achieve vertical greening which can survive through the cold winter. Each unit has a compact functional core, the glass curtain walls reach the floor on each level to maximize natural sunlight and view for the users. The clean office space offers maximum flexibility for future tenants when they envision their own interior design. Parking and restaurants are built underground. The glass roof in the plaza provides daylight for underground restaurants. All the materials used are domestic materials, which helped to control the budget.
▼木材、大理石和绿植打造而成的室内办公空间，the interior office space made of wood, marble and plants ©️He Lian
▼室内办公空间，与室外阳台直接连接，the interior office space connected directly to the outdoor curve balconies ©️He Lian
▼室内休息空间，通透的落地玻璃，为使用者最大程度地提供了自然采光和面向户外的视野，the interior lounge space, the glass curtain walls reach the floor on each level to maximize natural sunlight and view for the users ©️He Lian
城市尺度（未来发展） | Application in Urban Scale ( Future Development)
天筠组团建成后，甲方收到很好的市场测试结果。目前我们正在进行下一步的设计，继续与甲方合作，将这个产品作为主要建筑类型，规划设计到大约200亩的一个城市地块中。
Since completion of the Tianyun Complex, it has received great results in test marketing. PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE is now working on the next phase of design using this product as the main typology to incorporate it into a land parcel of approximately 200 acres.
▼办公组团夜景，night view of the complex ©Feng Shuxian
▼总平面图，site plan
▼各层平面图，floor plans
▼剖面图，sections
▼构造详图，detail drawings
地点：北京市顺义区
时间：2014年至2018年
项目状态：完成
规模：23600㎡
客户：天瑞金置业集团有限公司
建筑设计：第一实践建筑设计
设计团队：狄韶华，刘星，冯建成，卢冬夏，霍俊龙，江波，徐欣欣，詹恩和
施工图：中国建设工程设计集团有限公司
室内设计（600平米样板间）： 林振中，北京中美圣拓建筑设计工程有限公司
景观设计：Alex Camprubi，Arppa Design Studio
泛光设计：北京凯顺腾工程咨询有限公司
摄影: 何练，冯淑娴，周若谷
Site: Shunyi District, Beijing
Time: 2014-2018
Status: Completed
Size: 23,600 sqm
Client: Gold Concord Investment Co.,LTD.
Architecture Design: PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE
Team: Di Shaohua, Liu Xing, Feng Jiancheng, Lu Dongxia, Huo Junlong, Jiang Bo, Xu Xinxin, Zhan Enhe
Construction Documentation: China Construction Engineering Design Group Co.,LTD.
Interior Design (600 sqm sample office): Lin Zhenzhong, STID Group
Landscape Design: Alex Camprubi，Arppa Design Studio
Lighting Design: Beijing Kai Shun Teng Engineering Consultant LTD
Photographer: Feng Shuxian, He Lian, Zhou Ruogu
