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乌斯河中心幼儿园是壹基金芦山地震灾后重建计划的一个项目，位于四川省雅安市汉源县乌斯河镇。建成后是镇上第一所公立幼儿园。
Wusihe Central Kindergarten is part of the One Foundation reconstruction program after the Lushan earthquake. Located in Wusihe township, Hanyuan county, Ya’an city of Sichuan province, it is the first public kindergarten in the township.
▼幼儿园鸟瞰，Bird’s-eye view of the kindergarten © SouthArch南社•建筑
乌斯河镇人口近万人，汉、彝、藏族杂居。它坐落于大渡河支流的峡谷一侧，全镇沿等高线分布在山坡上，一条乡道作为主要道路贯穿小镇，是典型的依托交通干道两侧自然发展的村镇。小镇风貌混杂，布局无序，缺乏有质量的城镇空间。布鲁诺·陶特（Bruno Taut）在《城市之冠》(Die Stadtkrone)一书中，将现代城镇这种混沌状态比喻为“无头之躯”——失魂似的场所性特征缺失，是中国现代城镇发展要面对的普遍性问题。本次设计希望把幼儿园这个全新的功能置入到小镇中，在创造有利于儿童成长环境的同时，形成新的小镇精神和情感中心。
Han, Yi and Tibetan people mingle in Wusihe with close to 10,000 inhabitants. The township sits on the side of the Dadu river tributary valley, scattered on slopes along the contour line. A county road runs through the township as the main passageway, making it a typical rural town that crops up naturally along the traffic artery. Cluttered and jumbled, the town has no quality urban space to speak of. Such chaos in modern townships was what Bruno Taut referred to as “headless bodies” in Die Stadtkrone– the soulless absence of locality is a common problem faced by modern urbanization in China. The design aims to insert a new feature – a kindergarten – to the little township. In creating a space suitable for children’s development, it serves as a new spiritual and emotional center of the town.
▼幼儿园及小镇主干道，The kindergarten and the main road © SouthArch南社•建筑
山地与平台
Mountains and platforms
小镇周边自然环境优美，山谷向南打开。幼儿园选址在镇中心小学旁，场地隐匿于主干道旁的商铺和民居之后，仅由一条3米宽20米长的上坡路联系主要干道。幼儿园场地就坐落在一个不断抬升的路径上。
Wusihe is surrounded by scenic natural environment. The valley opens to the south. The kindergarten is located besides the Central Primary School, hidden behind shops and houses along the main road, which it connects with a 3-meters-wide and 20-meters-long uphill path. The kindergarten sits on this pathway of continuous elevation.
▼幼儿园和镇中心小学，The kindergarten and the central primary school © 东意建筑
我们将山地特征强化为空间营造策略。根据原有场地整理成东西两个大的台地。整个建筑体量坐落在两个平台之间，围绕一个共享中庭布置，首、二层可以分别与两个平台连接。通过各层露台和屋顶平台，将地形关系在建筑外观中表达出来。屋顶提供了足以容纳6个班级的室外活动场地，视野开阔，横断山脉壮丽的景观尽收眼底，并可俯瞰整个城镇。儿童可以透过开敞的侧天窗与中庭内的小伙伴交流，形成有趣的互动。
Our spatial strategy aims at reinforcing the mountainous feature. Two large terraces were organized in east and west based on the pre-existing site. The architectural massing was located between the two platforms, surrounding a shared atrium. The first and second floors were connected to the two platforms. Various levels of terraces and rooftop platforms convey the terrain topology in its architectural appearance. The rooftop platform offers a wide and open panoramic view of the majestic Hengduan Mountains and overlooks the entire township. The outdoor playground on the rooftop provides enough space for 6 classes, where children can interact with others in the atrium through the open clerestories, making engaging interplay possible.
▼屋顶活动平台和远山，Activity platform on the rooftop, mountains in the distance © SouthArch南社•建筑
▼屋顶活动平台和天窗，Activity platform on the rooftop and skylight © SouthArch南社•建筑
集聚与上升
Aggregation and ascent
幼儿园周边紧贴民居，用地面积紧张。为了满足容量，日照退缩和建筑安全距离的要求，采用L型聚集式。主体共三层，活动室单元布置于主体的东西两侧；南翼第四层为办公管理用房，入口的体量被刻意拉高，与狭窄向上的入口通道形成对话，成为场地的制高点和视觉中心。
With an insufficient site area, the kindergarten is closely surrounded by housings. To meet the requirements of capacity, day-light considerations and safety distance, an aggregated layout in L-shaped is adopted. The main body of building comes in three stories, with activity rooms deployed in the eastern and western sides; offices and administration rooms are on the fourth floor of the south wing. The architectural body facing the entrance is deliberately elevated, to initiate dialog with the narrow and uphill entrance passage. It is the high ground and visual focus of the site.
▼幼儿园主入口，Main entrance of the kindergarten © 东意建筑
集聚与上升的空间策略同样反映为建筑的外部形式。屋顶上部突出的“老虎窗”造型与下部建筑的格栅式立面共同构成了强烈垂直感的建筑形体。立面采用干净的白色立面与周边环境的灰色主调形成对比，侧墙亮丽的色彩，含蓄地透射出幼儿园的活力。
The spatial strategy of aggregation and ascent is also reflected in the exterior form. The protruding “tiger windows” on the top and the grille-like façade of the lower part come together to project a strong sense of verticality. Pristine white color of the façade contrasts with the greyish tone of the neighborhood, and bright colors on side walls of façade components are bursting with energy of a kindergarten.
▼三层露台，Terrace on the 3f © SouthArch南社•建筑
从镇外十数里的盘山公路上，人们便可一眼看见山坡上的幼儿园，它通过与周边建筑群形式差异所带来的张力，成为视觉焦点，也承载了小镇未来的希望。
The kindergarten on the slope is distinctively visible from kilometers of mountain winding roads far away from the town. With tension derived from the contrast with the surrounding buildings, it becomes visual focus, bearing hope for the town’s future.
▼音体室外格栅，Grilles outside the audio room © SouthArch南社•建筑
中庭 | The atrium
中庭强化了集聚的效果，并成为了整个建筑的空间核心。三层通高的中庭升腾向上迎接着上部的天光，不同于当地彝族民居固有的昏暗空间，创造一种明媚活力的精神场所。交叉连续布置的侧天窗，将富有韵律的光线引入中庭，营造出温暖而阳光的氛围。上下午的阳光分别投射在不同颜色的墙面，使室内空间强调出时间属性。中庭的墙面和走廊嵌入小尺度空间，是儿童欢乐的小游戏区。
▼中庭，The atrium © SouthArch南社•建筑
Aggregation is further enhanced with the atrium, which becomes the spatial core of the entire building. Three stories of full-height atrium rise up to meet the skylight from above, contrasting with the dim and dusky interior space commonly seen in local Yi people’s homes, to create a spiritual venue of bright and enchanting energy. Intersecting and continuous clerestories introduce rhythmic sunlight into the atrium for a warm and sunny atmosphere. Walls are painted different colors on both sides of the atrium – in the morning the sun shines on white walls, while in the afternoon, orange. Time is thus highlighted in the interior space. Small pockets of space are embedded in walls and corridors in the atrium, perfect for mini-games.
▼三层中庭，The 3f atrium © SouthArch南社•建筑
▼中庭顶部天窗，Skylight and the top of atrium © SouthArch南社•建筑
中心与环游
Center and orbit
中庭作为整个建筑行为的中心，构成建筑室内外活动的水平与垂直联系。根据儿童奔跑嬉戏的行为特点，建筑的各层均设置了交互环游式的体验路径，串联起中庭与室外空间，为儿童释放活力与动能创造了更好的条件。建筑首层仅布置少量的功能用房，一条环形跑道从室外引入室内。作为重要功能用房的音体室置于中庭的中心，与小台阶对应构成开放的剧场空间，是全园和社区共享的活动中心。
▼首层中庭和小剧场，Ground floor atrium and mini theatre © SouthArch南社•建筑
As the center of the entire architectural behavior, the atrium establishes the lateral and vertical connections of indoor and outdoor activities. With children’s high energy and all their running and playing in mind, experiential pathways of interactive orbits are designed on all floors, linking the atrium to the outdoor space, to better allow them to burn up energy in a limited venue. Only a handful of functional rooms are set on the ground floor. An annular track runs from the outdoor to the indoor. As an important functional room, the Audio Room is located in the center of the atrium. It can be opened to form a theatrical space together with multistep benches. This can be the activity center of the kindergarten or a community “center” shared by families and children.
▼首层台阶通向侧室外平台，Ground floor stairs leading to outdoor platform © SouthArch南社•建筑
▼首层自由活动场地和小游戏空间，Playground on ground floor and space for mini-games © 东意建筑
二、三层环绕中庭的加宽走廊，丰富了活动属性，并结合不同的公共功能与室内外空间形成环游的路径。中庭中各层走廊交错布置，形成空间上视线与行为的游戏。各层的建筑开口将来自山谷的地形风导入中庭，结合侧天窗，形成具有良好自然通风采光的舒适的小气候。
Wide corridors on second and third floors encircle the atrium, enriching the many possibilities of activities and creating orbiting pathways by linking different common functions and indoor/outdoor space. Crisscrossing corridors on floors around the atrium turn into spatial games of sight and action. Orographic wind is introduced into the atrium through the architectural openings on all floors, combined with clerestories, forming comfortable microclimate with natural ventilation and lighting.
▼二层走廊和小游戏空间，Corridor on second floor and space for mini-games © SouthArch南社•建筑
结语
Conclusion
幼儿园的建设试图完成对小镇空间特征的启蒙，通过平台定义地形、通过集聚完成上升，通过中心组织环游，用幼儿园重新定义了城镇的中心。尊重自然格局环境，用建筑语言来诠释场所意志，通过空间介入激活无意识状态下的城镇形态。这里是远眺小镇视野中显耀的标志，也是儿童每天向往的欢乐殿堂，更是寄托小镇发展美好未来的原点。
Building the kindergarten was an enlightenment attempt of the town’s spatial feature, to interpret the terrain with platforms, to install ascent with aggregation, to organize orbits with center, and to redefine township central with the kindergarten. With a respect for natural landscape, the aspiration of the venue is articulated in architectural language, to activate the mindless urban form through spatial insertion. This is the most conspicuous symbol of the town seen from afar, a sanctuary of joy that children long for every day, and the starting point on which the town rests their hope for a bright future.
▼首层平面，Ground floor plan © 东意建筑
▼二层平面，Second floor plan © 东意建筑
▼三层平面，Third floor plan © 东意建筑
▼四层平面，Fourth floor plan © 东意建筑
▼立面图，Elevation © 东意建筑
▼剖面图，Sections © 东意建筑
▼剖面细部图，Details © 东意建筑
项目名称：乌斯河镇中心幼儿园
设计方：广州市东意建筑设计咨询有限公司
项目设计 & 完成年份：2016-2019
主创及设计团队：肖毅强，肖毅志，邹艳婷, 殷实，詹峤圣，杨远景，郑泽旭，黄瑾，张宗鹏，邱天，黄力藜，黄飞亚，黎峥，郭方洁，海珊
项目地址：四川省雅安市汉源县乌斯河镇
建筑面积：2310 ㎡
摄影版权：SouthArch南社•建筑
合作方：四川高地工程设计咨询有限公司
客户：汉源县乌斯河镇中心小学
Project name：Wusihe Central Kindergarten
Design：Atelier Y
Design year & Completion Year：2016-2019
Leader designer & Team：XIAO Yiqiang, XIAO Yizhi, ZOU Yanting, YIN Shi, ZHAN Qiaosheng, YANG Yuanjing, ZHENG Zexu, HUANG Jin, ZHANG Zongpeng, QIU Tian, HUANG Lili, HUANG Feiya, LI Zheng, GUO Fangjie, HAI Shan
Project location：Hanyuan, Yaan, Sichuan
Gross Built Area (square meters)：2310 ㎡
Photo credits： South Arch
Partners：Sichuan Gaodi Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd.
Clients：Wusihe Central Primary School, Hanyuan County
