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新教育体系
Towards a New Mode of Education
中国美术学院（国美）新校区的所在地良渚是杭州市的一个区。在良渚校区，做为以艺术为本的综合大学国美设立了四个学院；它们分别是创意设计学院，艺术管理学院，基础教育学院，和继续教育学院。
▼视频，Video © 中国美术学院
Liangzhu is an area in the city of Hangzhou where a new campus of China Academy of Art (CAA) is sited. At Liangzhu, this art based comprehensive university plans to have four academic divisions, which are College of Innovative Design, College of Art Management, College of Foundational Education, and College of Continuing Education, and will house 3000 full-time students and 1000 continuing education students.
▼鸟瞰，Bird’s-eye view © 田方方
▼工坊宿舍鸟瞰，Bird’s eye view of workshops and dorms © 田方方
该校园将容纳3000名全时学生和1000名继续教育学生并建立起四个教研方向：发展跨学科创新人才，推动设计与信息经济，融入人工智能技术，建立当代设计教育新标杆。在校园设计竞赛阶段，国美要求参与建筑师想象一个能够帮助实现上述目标的教育体系。
▼教育体系，Education system © 非常建筑
The four main objectives of this new campus include developing interdisciplinary innovative talents; promoting design and informational economy; integrating artificial intelligence technology; and setting another bench mark for contemporary design education. At the stage of the campus design competition, CAA asked the participating architects to envision an educational system that would meet the mandates given.
▼俯瞰校园肌理，Partial campus fabric © 田方方
▼二层室外公共空间及工坊，2nd floor outdoor social space and workshops © 田方方
我们意识到学生在入学时即确定专业的作法已不符合今天高等教育的精神，于是建议了一个有如下特征的教学框架：1. 手脑并用。每个学生，无论其未来发展方向，均需上有关制作的基础课程，例如绘画，设计，或建筑等等。2. 高年级的课程以研究项目为主导。培养学生解决实际问题的以及跨学科团队合作的技能。3. 取消“系”的设置，对知识进行整合。
We understood that deciding a major while entering college is no longer the best way for today’s higher education and proposed a conceptual framework for learning that is defined by the following: 1. Use head and hands. Every student, regardless his/her discipline or concentration, have to take courses that engage making, from drawing/painting to design/architecture, as part of the foundations. 2. Classes as research projects for advanced level, which allows students to acquire skills to work as an interdisciplinary team and solve real-world problems. 3. Abolish departments so that knowledge is not compartmentalized.
▼校区主入口，Main entrance of campus © 郎水龙
▼俯瞰校园局部，Overlooking close-up © 田方方
建筑育人
Architecture That Teaches
基于以上具有设计策划意义的研究，我们认为建筑可以也应该成为教育体系的一部分。我们问：什么样的校园空间有利于动手和实验并鼓励学生之间在课内外互动与合作？尽管传统教室仍然有其存在的必要性，主要的教学空间在良渚被重新定义为开放、延绵的工坊。在工坊中可以进行常规课程的教授，也可以是学生们或独自阅读写画或结伴搭建讨论的场所。
▼剖面图，Section diagram © 非常建筑
Furthering the above-mentioned important programming exercise, we believe that architecture can and should be part of the educational system. What kind of space for a campus that is able to facilitate making and experimentation as well as to encourage students to interact with each other in and out of classes to nurture collaboration? While traditional classrooms are still necessary, the main teaching-learning space at Liangzhu is redefined as an open, continuous studio, where classes can be held and students may, individually or collectively, read, write, draw, build, discuss, or debate.
▼工坊，Workshops © 田方方
▼工坊一二层连廊，Covered walkways of 1st & 2nd floor of workshops © 田方方
▼工坊出挑的拱顶，Cantilevered eaves of workshops © 吴清山
▼工坊入口，Workshop entrance © 郎水龙
▼工坊与院子，Courtyard between workshops © 吴清山
▼多层次的工坊檐下灰空间，Layers of semi-outdoor spaces under eaves of workshop © 田方方
▼挑檐局部，Eave Close-up © 王玉山
▼工坊拱顶下空间，Space under cantilevered eaves of workshops © 田方方
▼形断意连的工坊空间，Conceptually continuous workshop space © 田方方
在工坊中，校园上所有的活动尽可一览无余，学生一边沉浸在自己的兴趣中一边也不难发现到其他同学从事的种种创作。我们希望在这个校园环境中能够模糊教导和学习、研究与实践的界线。高耸的拱顶给工坊带来充分的自然光，也给大型的建造及事件，如会议、戏剧/舞蹈演出，创造了条件。
In this space, all the activities on campus are visible, which means that a student can be constantly aware of what others are working on while pursuing his/her interests. We hope to blur teaching and learning, research and practice in this particular school environment, the vaulted spaces of which would allow ample natural light, large-scale installations as well as events, such as conferences and drama/dance performances.
▼工坊室内，Interior of workshop © 田方方
▼连延的工坊室内空间，Continuous interior space of workshop © 田方方
▼作为展览空间使用时的工坊，Workshop used for exhibition © 田方方
▼连接工坊一二层的楼梯
Staircase connecting 1st and 2nd floors of workshop © 田方方
▼工坊二层专业教室内教学场景，Teaching scene in 2nd floor workshop © 李诗琪
▼大窗户为工坊室内引入充足的自然光，Large Windows bring plenty of natural light into workshops © 田方方
居学
Learn-Live
在良渚，学生就住在工坊之上。工坊、公共空间、宿舍自下而上的垂直布置把学生的生活和学习融为一体，体现了“校园即社区”的理念。宿舍被称为“学舍”，因为其中设置了专门为学生自发组织“兴趣社“的空间。兴趣社是学生自学课程的一种形式。我们希望通过建筑向学生推介“生活即教育”的思想，这正是良渚校园规划及工坊设计背后的核心理念。同时，从设计概念上，良渚校园也是开放的。目前，国美已经为良渚的新生们开设了一门课，在课上老师邀请同学们想象他们利用校园空间的方式，即想象如何将校园拥为己有。
At Liangzhu, students live upstairs of the studios. The vertical stratified system of dormitory, social space and studios creates an architecture that embodies the concept of “college as community” where students live-study under one roof. Within the dormitories, there are spaces provided to the students for themselves to organize “hobby clubs,” which are a form of self-taught courses. We hope to convey to the students the notion of living is learning, which makes up the core ideas of this campus design along with the studios. In many ways, CAA Liangzhu is an open project. The in-coming students have been asked to imagine the ways they will engage the architectural spaces of this campus in a workshop to make the campus their own.
▼“上居下学”的校园空间，Campus spatial organization with dorms upstairs and workshops downstairs © 田方方
▼校园中的高层宿舍，High-rise dorms © 吴清山
▼高层宿舍立面局部，Elevation close-up of high-rise dorm © 吴清山
▼宿舍楼一层和二层，二层是未来兴趣社的所在处，Overlooking the first two floors of the dormitory building; the second floor will hold student hobby clubs in the future © 王玉山
▼从宿舍与工坊间远眺体育馆，View of gym from dorm and workshop © 田方方
▼体育馆，Gym © 田方方
▼体育馆室内，Interior of Gym © 吴清山
▼体育馆外的景观水系，Landscape water system outside gym © 吴清山
▼体育馆外的景观水系，Landscape water system outside gym © 田方方
▼体育馆的混凝土拱壳，Concrete arch shell of gym © 田方方
独栋校园
One Building
在良渚，不但没有教学区与生活区之分，所有的建筑都用廊子相串连，形成了一个只有一栋建筑的校园。为了满足学生们晾晒衣服的需要，同时又不影响混合使用校园对建筑外表统一的追求，我们在学舍的阳台外面设计了一个整体的格栅系统，达到即整洁又遮阳的目的。
Since there are no separate zones for teaching facilities and living quarters typical for a college campus, all the buildings at Liangzhu are connected by covered walkways and conceptually woven into a single piece of architecture. Due to the habit of hanging laundry in the dormitory balconies, this mixed-use spatial organization calls for a tidier than usual appearance for the dormitories. A continuous metal louvre is thus devised on the building exteriors to screen off laundry as well as air conditioners while serving as sunshades.
▼二层连廊，2nd floor connecting passage © 田方方
▼从二层连廊看宿舍，View of dorm from 2nd floor passage © 田方方
▼食堂入口及室外楼梯，Canteen entrance and outdoor staircase © 田方方
▼食堂室内，Interior of canteen © 李诗琪
在多层学舍的屋顶等多处，我们还设计了一系列名为“探索器”的半室外纯建筑空间，以进一步丰富校园生活。
On the rooftops of the dormitories, we designed a series of semi-outdoor spaces named “view-finders,” which is aimed at further enriching the campus life of Liangzhu.
▼校区景观绿化，Landscaping in the campus © 田方方
▼连通自然河道的“剑池”，Sword Pond connecting to river surrounding campus © 田方方
▼行政楼，Administrative building © 吴清山
▼校园景观及水系，Landscape water system on campus © 吴清山
出于施工管理的需要，良渚国美分为两个阶段建造。一期已完工，于2021年9月迎来了第一批学生。整个校园将于2023年完成。
For the purpose of construction management, the CAA Liangzhu project was scheduled in two phases. The first phase was completed in July 2021, and classes began in September of the same year. The entire campus is due to open in 2023.
▼总平面图，Master plan © 非常建筑
▼校园平面图，Campus site plan © 非常建筑
▼校区首层平面图，Campus 1st floor plan © 非常建筑
▼校区二层平面图，Campus 2nd floor plan © 非常建筑
▼短轴剖面图，Campus cross section © 非常建筑
▼长轴剖面图，Campus long sections © 非常建筑
▼高层宿舍平面图，High-rise dormitory plans © 非常建筑
▼高层宿舍立面图，High-rise dormitory elevations © 非常建筑
▼高层宿舍剖面图，High-rise dormitory sections © 非常建筑
▼体育馆平面图，Gym plans © 非常建筑
▼体育馆立面图，Gym elevations © 非常建筑
▼体育馆剖面图，Gym sections © 非常建筑
▼行政楼平面图，Administrative building plans © 非常建筑
▼行政楼立面图，Administrative building elevations © 非常建筑
▼行政楼剖面图，Administrative building sections © 非常建筑
客户: 中国美术学院
地址：中国，杭州良渚
主持建筑师：张永和、鲁力佳
项目团队：建筑：尹舜、王玥、龙彬、黄舒怡、王文志、梁小宁、刘扬、柳超、张博文、王硕、程艺石、何泽林、师琦、林诗洁、李相廷、谢岩旭、焦慧敏； 室内：王玥、张敏、韩书凯、李帅；景观：师琦、尹舜、林诗洁; 现场协调：李诗琪
施工图设计：同济大学建筑设计研究院（集团）有限公司 建筑设计三院
照明顾问： TJAD建筑照明所
建筑面积：180000 平方米
结构和材料：钢筋混凝土结构
设计周期：2018.3-2019.6
竣工时间：2021 (一标段)
Client：China Academy of Art
Location：Liangzhu, Hangzhou, China
Principal Architects: Yung Ho Chang, Lijia Lu
Project Team：Architecture: Yin Shun, Wang Yue, Long Bin, Huang Shuyi, Wang Wenzhi，Liang Xiaoning, Liu Yang, Liu Chao, Zhang Bowen, Wang Shuo, Cheng Yishi, He Zelin, Shi Qi, Lin Shijie, Li Xiangting, Xie Yanxu，Jiao Huimin,; Interior design: Wang Yue, Zhang Min, Han Shukai, Li Shuai; Landscape design: Shi Qi, Yin Shun, Lin Shijie; On-site supervision: Li Shiqi
Construction Drawing Design: Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd (No. 3 Architectural Design);
Lighting Consultant: TJAD-Architectural Lighting Studio,
Building Area: 18000 m2
Structure and Material: Reinforced concrete structure
Design Period: 2018.3-2019.6
Completion Time: 2021（Phase 1）
