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2022年底，OPEN中标宜昌大剧院项目。大剧院位于湖北省宜昌市境内长江与其支流黄柏河交汇处的平湖半岛岛头，与三峡游轮母港隔河相望，总建筑面积约7万平方米。
OPEN has won the bid to design Yichang Grand Theater in 2022. The project is located on the tip of the Pinghu Peninsula where the Yangtze River and its tributary Huangbai River meet. The total building area is around 70,000 square meters.
▼宜昌大剧院，Yichang Grand Theater © OPEN
建筑功能包括1600座大剧场、1200座音乐厅、400座黑匣子小剧场，以及屋顶剧场和水上剧场两个室外剧场。除表演空间外，建筑还将容纳教育、活动、排练、展览、咖啡、餐厅、观景等复合功能，这使得大剧院能够成为一个全天候开放的、活跃的公共文化场所。
Housed within the fluid and partially floating building is a lively performing arts center including a 1600-seat grand theater, a 1200-seat concert hall, a 400-seat black box, and two outdoor theaters — one on the rooftop and one by the water. In addition to the performance spaces, the building also includes educational facilities, event and exhibition spaces, rehearsal rooms, coffee shops, restaurants, and observation decks. The mixed program reflects efforts in making the grand theater an open and vibrant public place at all times.
▼鸟瞰，Birds Eye View © OPEN
▼场地平面，Location Plan © OPEN
水无常形
Water in Ever-changing Form
像水波，像山峦，像云雾，其实，大象无形，这栋建筑是关于运动和变化的。不同视角看见不同形态，建筑有如动态的水。
Like water ripples, or mountain ranges, or clouds and mist? Actually, all of those and none of those. OPEN has searched for form beyond shapes, and to them, this building is about movement. Different perspectives reveal different forms, and the architecture resembles an ever-changing body of water.
OPEN 的创始合伙人李虎说： “大剧院的设计灵感来自宜昌的江水。看似柔软的水其实蕴涵无限力量。水是宜昌这座独特的山水城市的灵魂。”
OPEN’s founding partner, Mr. Li Hu said, “The design of the grand theater draws inspiration from the spirit of water that defines the city of Yichang. Water may seem soft yet it can have infinite strength—just read the gorges carved by the mighty river. Water is the soul of this unique city.”
▼设计概念，Concept © OPEN
▼形态示意，Form Diagram © OPEN
感知和捕捉场地气韵的同时，建筑流动形态的生成也来自内部功能组织、外部环境条件和贯穿内外上下的市民活动空间等各种能量的相互作用而形成的，一个平衡包容的状态。
While sensing and capturing the energy (CHI) of the site, the fluid form also emerges from the interaction of various elements: internal organizations, environmental conditions, and public spaces weaving in and out, above and below, all together forming a state of balance and inclusiveness.
▼功能分布示意，Diagrams © OPEN
▼建筑远观，Distant View © OPEN
以建造来保护
Building to Protect
在长江大保护和全球生态危机的宏观背景下，大剧院的建设需要格外敏感地回应场地周围的自然条件。
The construction of the grand theater requires a particularly sensitive response to the natural conditions surrounding the site, against the backdrop of the Yangtze River Conservation Plan and the global climate crisis.
OPEN 的创始合伙人黄文菁说：“这是一个非常难得的机遇，可以让我们通过建造去修复之前被人工破坏过的场地，重新建立一个良性的、可持续的自然与建造的平衡。”
OPEN’s founding partner Huang Wenjing said, “This is a very rare opportunity that allows us to repair and restore the previously human-damaged site through new construction, and re-establish a balanced, sustainable relationship between nature and the built environment. ”
▼鸟瞰，Bird’s-eye View © OPEN
应对场地沿河较高的地下水位，建筑局部漂浮把主要的功能空间从地面抬升起来，既贯通由山至水的场地气脉，也大幅减小建筑足迹和土方的开挖，同时将地面释放给本地的植物和由渗透性铺装形成的公共活动场地。在这里，地景成为重要的介质，以流动而自由的形态，把半岛内部的自然连结 到江岸的绿廊。
To cope with the higher groundwater level near the river, the building partially floats to lift major functional spaces high above the ground, allowing the natural flow from the mountainous inland to the waterfront. The building’s footprint and excavation work is greatly reduced. Much of the ground is freed up to indigenous vegetation and open spaces with permeable paving for public activities.
▼首层广场，Ground Floor Plaza © OPEN
▼入口平台，Entrance Platform © OPEN
多种被动式和主动式策略的结合，让建筑成为半岛可持续发展的生态环境中一个积极的成员。漂浮的大剧院也让艺术家和剧务人员得以在有自然通风和采光的空间中工作，不仅极大地改善他们的工作环境，也创造了演员和艺术家与公众交流的机会。
Various passive and active strategies are adopted to make the building a contributing member to the sustainable development of the peninsula. The floating theater also provides artists and stage staff with working spaces that are filled with natural light and ventilation, while creating opportunities for artists to interact with the public.
▼可持续性设计示意，Sustainability Diagram © Arup
有表情的建筑、会呼吸的表皮
Expressive and Performative Facade
建筑有机的形体上精心布置着形态各异的洞口，呈现出丰富的表情。建筑外层曲面为哑光阳极氧化圆管，天光的明暗映射于铝管金属光泽的微妙变化中，建筑呈现出变幻流动的液态金属质感。
Punctured by openings of various shapes, the building’s organic form is rich with expressions. The exterior surface of the building features curved, matte anodized aluminum tubes that capture the subtle interplays of light and shadow throughout the day, creating an impression of liquid metal.
▼建筑正立面，Frontal View © OPEN
建筑朝向半岛的部分拥有为双层表皮，内层几何形态简单而丰富，呼应复杂的功能需求；外层是跟整体建筑连续的铝管表皮。两层表皮间的距离根据室内的需要而变化，形成丰富的灰空间来调节建筑的气候微环境，包括一个大型的半室外花园和许多叠落的露台花园。朝向河流的一面，自然通风经过表皮被引入大剧院的门厅和交通空间里。
充分利用基地的特殊条件，这是一栋会呼吸的建筑。
The part of the building that faces inland has a double-layered facade, with an inner layer of simple stacked geometry responding to complex internal functional needs, and an outer layer of aluminum tubes congruent with the whole building. The distance between the two layers varies to create diverse in-between spaces, including a large semi-outdoor garden and cascading terraced gardens, which help to regulate the building’s microclimate.
Facing the river, natural ventilation is introduced into the lobby and circulation spaces through cavities in the facade.
Taking advantage of the unique site, the building breathes in its environment.
▼模型，Model © OPEN
▼水上剧场，Waterfront Theater © OPEN
每个人的剧院
A Grand Theater for Everyone
一条蜿蜒上升的公共漫游步道，连接地面的水上剧场、屋顶的空中剧场和最高处远眺西陵峡的观景平台。漫游步道和室外公共空间会向所有人开放，将充满未来感的建筑人文奇观和独特的湾区风景带给每个人。项目的业主方说，“未来的大剧院欢迎每个人，包括拾荒者。”
A winding public promenade ascends, connecting the ground-level water theater, the rooftop outdoor theater, and the observation deck at the top. The promenade and outdoor public spaces will be open to everyone, bringing a futuristic spectacle and the unique bay scenery to all. The commissioning client said, “The Yichang Grand Theater will welcome everyone and every walk of life.”
▼模型，Model © OPEN
▼屋顶空中剧场，Rooftop Theater © OPEN
▼大剧场门厅，Grand Theater Lobby © OPEN
▼大剧场室内，Grand Theater Interior © OPEN
▼音乐厅门厅，Concert Hall Lobby © OPEN
▼音乐厅室内，Concert Hall Interior © OPEN
▼黑盒子剧场室内，Black Box Theater Interior © OPEN
国际创新力量的聚合
International Collaboration for Innovation
在OPEN的带领下，这座复杂建筑的设计过程本身就是一次关于精密合作的努力，由来自欧洲、美国、和亚洲的一整个志趣相投的顾问团队从各方面——剧场建筑及声学设计的各个角度、结构和表皮、可持续策略和机电系统等等——寻求创新和突破。每个顾问团队都在探寻自己专业的极致，同时又形成了一个紧密结合的动态有机的整体。
Led by OPEN, the design process of this complex building in itself is an intricate collaborative effort by a team of like-minded consultants from Europe, US, and Asia, with innovation in different fronts of theater and acoustic design, structure and facade, sustainability and mechanical systems. Each working their own magic, but tightly weaved together to form an organic and dynamic whole.
▼建筑夜景，Night View © OPEN
项目概况
设计时间 ：2022 –
阶段：建筑方案设计
甲方：宜昌市城市建设投资开发有限公司
功能：大 剧场，音乐厅，小剧场，屋顶剧场，水上剧场，排练室，展览，艺术教育，咖啡厅，餐厅，观景台等
建筑面积：70,000 m²
用地面积：40,000 m²
地点：湖北宜昌，中国
项目团队
建筑、室内及景观设计：OPEN建筑事务所
主持建筑师：李虎，黄文菁
设计团队：刘晓阳，寿成彬，曹梦醒，周子琳，刘炫育 ，徐嘉悦 ，陈逸超，陶伟杰 ，贾瀚，王祺叡
剧场顾问：dUCKS scéno（巴黎 / 里昂）
结构工程师：Guy Nordenson and Associates（纽约）
机电工程师：上海蔺先工程顾问有限公司
可持续与气候工程顾问：Arup（香港）
外墙设计：RFR（上海 / 巴黎）
声学顾问：黄展春剧场建筑设计顾问有限公司
PROJECT FACTS
Design Year: 2022 –
Status: Schematic Design
Client: Yichang Urban Construction Investment and Development Co., Ltd
Program: Grand Theater, Concert Hall, Black Box Theater, Rooftop Theater, Waterfront Theater, Rehearsal Rooms, Exhibition, Art Education, Café, Restaurant, Observation Deck, etc.
Building Area: 70,000 m²
Site Area: 40,000 m²
Location: Yichang, Hubei Province, China
CREDITS
Architecture, Interior and Landscape Design: OPEN Architecture
Principals in Charge: LI Hu, HUANG Wenjing
Project Team: LIU Xiaoyang, SHOU Chengbin, CAO Mengxing, ZHOU Zilin, LIU Xuanyu, XU Jiayue, CHEN Yichao, TAO Weijie, JIA Han, WANG Qirui
Theater Consultant: dUCKS scéno
Structure Engineer: Guy Nordenson and Associates
MEP Engineer: LINK Engineering Consultant
Sustainability and Climate Engineering Consultant: Arup
Façade Consultant: RFR
Acoustic Consultant: JH Theater Architecture Design Consulting Company
