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随着卡塔尔之星国家足联阿米尔杯决赛的举办，Al Janoub体育场于2019年5月16日正式揭幕——这也是为2022年卡塔尔世界杯建造的第一个新体育场。Zaha Hadid建筑事务所和Aecom从2013年3月起便开始了体育场及周边新区的设计。作为2022年世界杯的场地之一，Al Janoub体育场将举行联赛的小组赛和四分之一决赛。该体育场位于多哈以南23km的Al Wakrah市，可直接从首都乘坐Red Line地铁线抵达。
Inaugurated on 16 May 2019 by hosting the Amir Cup Final of the Qatar Stars national football league, Al Janoub Stadium was the first new stadium commissioned for the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) together with Aecom began designing the stadium along with its new precinct for the city in March 2013. As one of the venues of the 2022 World Cup, the stadium will host the group and quarter-final matches of the tournament. The stadium is located in the city of Al Wakrah that is 23km south of Doha and connected to the capital via the Red Line of new Doha Metro system.
▼体育场外观，exterior view ©Hufton+Crow
委托方的设计要求是为2022年世界杯提供一个可容纳4万个座位的足球场，并能够在比赛结束后转为传统模式，将座位数量减少到2万个。作为卡塔尔之星Al Wakrah体育俱乐部职业足球队的主场，2万个座位无疑是传统球赛模式下的最佳容量。在联赛举办完毕后，这些临时的座位可以被拆卸并运送至需要基础体育设施的发展中国家。联赛期间需要为球员提供额外的住宿场地，为此项目团队在固定设施和足球场外围设计了临时的建筑空间。
▼场地平面图，site plan
The client’s brief was for a 40,000-seat football stadium for the 2022 World Cup which could be reduced to a 20,000-seat capacity in its legacy mode following the tournament. 20,000 seats is the optimum capacity for legacy use as the home ground to Al Wakrah Sport Club professional football team of the Qatar Stars national league. These temporary seats have been designed to be demountable and transportable to a developing country in need of sporting infrastructure for post-tournament usage. Further temporary accommodation such as concessions are required for the additional capacity of FIFA World Cup tournament mode. This has been built as a temporary overlay outside the permanent footprint and enclosure of the stadium in its legacy mode.
▼体育场内部概览，internal view ©Hufton+Crow
体育场包含一个由Schlaich Bergermann Partner设计的可调节屋顶，碗型的座位席安装了制冷系统，确保体育场在卡塔尔的炎热夏季也可以良好地运行。可调节的屋顶采用了褶皱式PTFE纤维包层和缆索，在展开时犹如船帆一般覆盖在球场上方，在夏季时可提供荫蔽的比赛环境。被动式设计、计算机建模和风洞测试的运用使建筑外壳的性能得到了最大程度的提升，以确保球员和观众获得舒适的体验。
The stadium has an operable roof designed by Schlaich Bergermann Partner and a seating bowl cooling system that ensures the stadium is can be used during Qatar’s summer months. The operable roof has been designed in sympathy with the cladding using pleated PTFE fabric and cables. When its deployed, the roof operates like a sail to cover the oculus above the field of play and create a sheltered environment for football during the summer. Passive design principles along with computer modelling and wind tunnel tests were used to maximise the effectiveness of the physical enclosure to ensure player and spectator comfort.
▼可调节的屋顶采用了褶皱式PTFE纤维包层和缆索，the operable roof has been designed in sympathy with the cladding using pleated PTFE fabric and cables ©Hufton+Crow
▼屋顶细部，roof detailed view ©Hufton+Crow
▼檐下空间，overhang of the stadium’s eave ©Hufton+Crow
考虑到Al Wakrah作为海滨城市的地理环境，委托方还要求在设计中体现与海洋有关的传统和历史，尤其是当地传统的单桅三角帆船（dhow）。Zaha Hadid事务所团队采取了一种抽象的手法，将这些文化元素与足球场所需要的气候、环境和功能条件进行了有效的结合，从而使它们的意义通过实际的使用和感受、以一种全新的面貌展现出来。
Given the stadium’s context within the coastal city of Al Wakrah, the client asked that its design reflect the maritime traditions and history of the location, in particular, the traditional boat of the region, the dhow. ZHA responded with a design that incorporates these cultural references in an abstracted manner and combines them with practical responses to the climate, context and the functional requirements of a football stadium. The abstraction transforms the literal into something new and appropriate for a football stadium; allowing multiple interpretations of these cultural references both in terms of how they are applied and how they are read.
▼立面图，elevation
体育场的屋顶设计对单桅三角帆船的外壳进行了抽象化的融入，并以上下颠倒的方式组合成为一个遮蔽结构。船帆的形象体现在外墙的几何形状、细部以及材料的使用上。体育场的立面向外部倾斜，从外部看呈现出流线型的轮廓变化，使人联想到单桅帆船的帆褶。屋檐的巨大悬垂处采用了以金属包覆的条形元素，仿佛帆船内部常见的木结构，从而进一步强调了船的概念和形象。
The stadium’s roof design is an abstraction of the hulls of dhows turned upside-down and huddled together to provide shade and shelter. This is expressed in the stadium’s envelope geometry, details and selected materiality, including the roof’s beam structure that echoes the interior structure of a dhow’s hull. The facades of the stadium are slanted outwards, tapered in elevation and reminiscent of the pleating of a dhow’s sails. The image of the dhow is further emphasized through the large overhang of the stadium’s eaves that incorporates strips of metal cladding reminiscent of the timber structures used in a dhow.
▼屋顶设计以当地传统帆船外壳的造型为灵感，the stadium’s roof design is an abstraction of the hulls of dhows, the traditional boat of the region ©Hufton+Crow
▼檐下结构细部进一步强调了船的概念和形象，the image of the dhow is further emphasized through the large overhang of the stadium’s eaves ©Hufton+Crow
体育场的不透明屋顶和墙壁区域在外部通过褶皱的横截面体现出来。这一源自阿拉伯传统图样和书法的设计为建筑外壳赋予了一丝细腻的质感，同时强调出体育场独特的几何形状。建筑的外部包层选用了十分简洁的颜色和材料：屋顶和墙面使用白色，屋檐下方的区域则使用更深一些的色彩，例如带有装饰窗格、可提供遮阳的底部幕墙等。
The stadium’s opaque roof and wall areas are expressed as pleated cross sections. This feature, which has its origins in Arabic motifs and calligraphy, adds texture to the outer shell and also emphasizes the stadium’s unique geometry. The external cladding materials are deliberately selected from a limited palette of materials and choice of colours; namely white for the roof and wall cladding, and darker colours for the areas below the eaves, including the lower level curtain walling with its ornamental lattice screen print that provide shading.
▼外观细部，exterior detailed view ©Hufton+Crow
▼不透明屋顶和墙壁区域在外部通过褶皱的横截面体现出来，the stadium’s opaque roof and wall areas are expressed as pleated cross sections ©Hufton+Crow
建筑外壳的配色方案与其造型形成了和谐的搭配，使外部表皮的肌理变得更加清晰。屋顶和檐下空间使用了白色和灰白色的光面覆层，使人联想起海里的贝壳。带有浮雕图案的屋檐和底部空间的雕花窗格采用了具有金属感的古铜色，为设计赋予了额外的深度和丰富性。精致的饰面同时也向伊斯兰手工艺传统表达了敬意。
The colour scheme for the external building envelope dovetails with its geometric forms and reinforces the articulation of the outer skin. The roof cladding and opaque surface areas above the eaves are white or off-white in colour with a gloss surface finish that is reminiscent of sea shells and emphasizes the pleats which add texture to the building envelope. The embossed eaves and the lattice screen print of the glazed lower-level facades are metallic bronze in colour, adding a sense of richness and depth to the design. The choice of a bronze metallic finish of these worked surfaces pays homage to the traditions and artistry of Islamic craftsmanship.
▼雕花窗格向伊斯兰手工艺传统表达了敬意，the lattice screen in the worked surfaces pays homage to the traditions and artistry of Islamic craftsmanship ©Hufton+Crow
体育馆被置于一个巨大的基座之上，观众们可以从台阶进入位于碗状观众席中央的主入口广场。基座连接了体育馆和附近的景观，抛物线形的内部空间提供了不同的活动空间。东面的宽敞空间为观众提供了主要的到场和离场区域。东北侧的空间包含了一个公共市场，东南侧空间则将提供一个公园场地。西侧的空间允许车辆进入，并为球员、官员和贵宾提供下车地点。
The stadium sits on a large landscaped podium that takes visitors from grade to the entry level main entry concourse located at the middle of the seating bowl’s tiers. This podium connects the stadium into the adjacent landscape and reduces its scale. Large parabolic voids within the podium signify different activity zones. On the eastern side, voids allow for the majority of spectators to arrive and depart from the stadium. The north eastern void will include a community market whilst the south eastern void hosts an activity park. To the west, the parabolic void within the podium allows for vehicle access and drop off at grade for the players, officials and dignitaries.
▼入口广场，entrance square ©Luke Hayes
▼建筑基座细部，detailed view of the podium ©Hufton+Crow
▼夜间灯光效果，facade night view ©Luke Hayes
体育场与其周围的新区进行了同步建设，在非比赛期间将提供一系列社区活动。2022年，Al Janoub体育场将成为卡塔尔世界杯期间令人难忘的赛场和目的地，并将作为Al Wakrah社区中心在未来继续发挥作用。
The stadium was designed in conjunction with its new precinct to sit at the heart of an urban extension of the city, creating community based activities in and around the stadium on non-event days. Al Janoub stadium will be a memorable venue and destination during the Qatar 2022 FIFA World Cup and afterwards, at the centre of its Al Wakrah community.
▼球场夜间视角，play field night view ©Hufton+Crow
▼基础层平面图（传统模式），main concourse level plan (legacy mode)
▼基础层平面图（联赛模式），main concourse level plan (tournament mode)
▼上层平面图（传统模式），upper concourse level plan (legacy mode)
▼上层平面图（联赛模式），upper concourse level plan (tournament mode)
▼北立面图（传统模式），north elevation (legacy mode)
▼西立面图（传统模式），west elevation (legacy mode)
▼东西向剖面图（传统模式），east-west section (legacy mode)
▼东西向剖面图（联赛模式），east-west section (tournament mode)
▼南北向剖面图（传统模式），north-south section (legacy mode)
▼南北向剖面图（联赛模式），north-south section (tournament mode)
Client: Supreme Committee for Delivery and Legacy of the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar™
ZHA Project Team
Architect and Lead Designer: Zaha Hadid Architects
Design: Zaha Hadid, Patrik Schumacher
Project Director: Jim Heverin
Project Associate / Project Architect: Johannes Hoffmann
Project Team: Annarita Papeschi, Andreas Urff, Antonio Monserrat, Cynthia Du, Edgar Payan, Ermis Chavaltzi, Fernando Poucell, Ganesh Nimmala, George King, Ho-Ping Hsia, Irene Guerra, Jan Klaska, Junyi Wang, Karim Muallem, Karoly Markos, Ming Cheong, Moa Carlsson, Mohamed Al-Jubori, Nastassia Linau, Paulo Flores, Peter Irmscher, Rafael Portillo, Stephane Vallotton, Thomas Soo, Vincent Konate, Yeena Yun, Wen-Kai Li (Kevin)
Consultants
Lead Consultant: Aecom
Operable Roof Design: Schlaich Bergermann Partner
