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孟菲斯河公园合作伙伴 Gang工作室和SCAPE工作室公布了其最新项目——Tom Lee公园，这是一个位于密西西比河和孟菲斯市中心之间占地31英亩的新公共空间。该公园的设计由Gang工作室和SCAPE工作室合作完成，其中Gang工作室负责总体规划和建筑设计，SCAPE工作室负责景观设计。该公园以孟菲斯当地的英雄Tom Lee命名，他是一名普通的黑河工人，在1925年一艘蒸汽船倾覆后，他以一己之力拯救了32名溺水者。公园的设计旨在通过为当地居民创造公共设施，来促进孟菲斯当地经济的平等发展。该公园坐落在密西西比河岸边，毗邻一系列投资不足的社区，其中就包括田纳西州收入最低的地区。
Memphis River Parks Partnership, Studio Gang, and SCAPE announce the opening of Tom Lee Park, a newly transformed 31-acre public space set between the Mississippi River and downtown Memphis. The park’s design was a collaboration between Studio Gang and SCAPE, with Studio Gang leading master planning and architecture and with SCAPE leading its landscape design. Named for Tom Lee, a local Memphis hero and Black river worker who single-handedly saved 32 people from drowning after a steamship capsized in 1925, the park’s design seeks to foster greater economic equity across Memphis by providing publicly accessible amenities for local residents. Situated on the banks of the Mississippi River, the park is adjacent to a crescent of disinvested neighborhoods, including the lowest-income zip code in Tennessee.
▼项目概览，overall of the project © Tom Harris
孟菲斯河公园合伙公司总裁兼首席执行官Carol Coletta说：“我们创造了一处只属于孟菲斯的公园生活场所，它将通过提供各种空间和活动为所有年龄段的人带来欢乐，同时它也将有助于恢复密西西比河河流走廊的生态弹性。”
“自项目开始以来，孟菲斯社区的建议和投入对这个项目来说至关重要，旨在确保公园的规划真实地反映出来自城市各地的孟菲斯人如何使用他们的滨河空间，”Gang工作室的创始负责人和合伙人Jeanne Gang说。“在他们的帮助下，我们创造了一个既接地气又美丽，而且生态健康的目的地，我们希望每个人都能在这里放松、锻炼、玩耍，并沿着密西西比河畔聚集在一起。”
“We ’ve created a place for park life that could only be in Memphis, one that will delight people of all ages by the variety of spaces and activities on offer, while contributing to the resiliency of the river corridor,” says President and CEO Carol Coletta, Memphis River Parks Partnership.
“Insights and input from the Memphis community were essential to this project from the very beginning, to make sure the park’s programming reflects how Memphians from across the city want to enjoy their riverfront,” says Jeanne Gang, Founding Principal and Partner of Studio Gang. “With their help, we’ve created a destination that is down-to-earth but also beautiful and ecologically healthy, where we hope everyone feels welcome to relax, exercise, play, and come together along the Mississippi. ”
▼公园坐落在密西西比河岸边，the park sits on the banks of the Mississippi River © Tom Harris
Tom Lee公园修复了该地区的生态环境，回应了密西西比河的动态生态系统。修复后的土地，以及景观设计师为本项目引进的本地耐寒植物，将为沿河走廊吸引大量的鸟类和昆虫，进而促进植物的授粉与生长。规整后的平坦草地和地形将为这里创造出令人惊讶的全新河流景观。
Tom Lee Park restores the area’s ecology, responding to the dynamic ecosystems of the Mississippi River. A restored soil system and the introduction of hardy native plant species will attract birds and pollinators that thrive along the river corridor. Replacing flat expanses of grass and adding topography will provide new and surprising views of the river.
▼以河流为主题的游乐场以及特色景观，river-themed playgrounds and landscape features © Tom Harris
“Tom Lee公园的设计灵感来自密西西比河的动态流动模式，以及当地致力于复兴河流走廊的愿望。我们修复了这里的土壤，培育了原生植物，并在这个曾经只有不到50棵的地方种植了1000多棵树，这些树木为传粉昆虫和鸟类提供了必要的树荫和更多的栖息地，为当地生物多样性做出了贡献。”SCAPE的创始负责人Kate Orff说。
“Tom Lee Park ’s design was inspired by the dynamic flow patterns of the Mississippi and the desire to revive the river corridor. We have rehabilitated the soils to nurture native plantings and planted over 1,000 trees where there were less than 50, providing essential shade, more biodiversity, and habitat for pollinators and birds,” says Kate Orff, Founding Principal, SCAPE.
▼通往河畔的走道，the walkway to the river © Tom Harris
Tom Lee公园的设计也加强了孟菲斯市中心和河流之间的联系。本项目在河畔创建了一条符合美国残疾人(ADA)标准的通道，首次让有通行障碍的人能够与河流近距离接触；同时，设计团队还在Vance街道、Huling街道和Butler街滨江大道（Riverside Drive）一侧设置了更安全的人行通道。
The design of Tom Lee Park also strengthens the connection between downtown Memphis and the river. It provides the first Americans with Disabilities (ADA)-compliant access to the river with the Cutbank Bluff and safer pedestrian crossings of Riverside Drive at Vance, Huling, and Butler Streets.
▼公园内的慢行道路系统，the slow road system in the park © Tom Harris
公园内的凉亭由木材制成，灵感来自于曾经坐落于河边的工业结构。由Monstrum设计的以河流为主题的游乐场以及特色景观，为娱乐，户外教育，餐饮，表演和其他活动创造了令人兴奋的场地，将这些活动与密西西比河的生动背景紧密结合在一起。
Its sheltering structures are made of timber, inspired by the industrial structures that once operated on the riverfront. A river-themed playground designed by Monstrum and landscape features create exciting destinations for recreation, outdoor education, dining, performances, and other activities—elevating them with the living backdrop of the Mississippi.
▼鸟瞰“日落天篷”，aerial view of the Sunset Canopy © Tom Harris
▼木制百叶窗顶棚，wooden louvered roof © Tom Harris
公园内的核心建筑元素，名为“日落天篷”，是一座面积达16000平方英尺（约1486.4平方米）的木结构建筑，巨大的顶棚由六个“捆绑在一起”钢柱支撑。支撑顶棚的木梁采用胶合层压木材（简称胶合木）建造，这是一种工程木制品，比传统的钢筋混凝土或钢材的碳足迹要低得多。在横梁上方，百叶窗顶棚也由木材制成，百叶窗的形式既保证了阳光的穿透，又能够起到为下方游人遮风挡雨的效果。该设施为全年举办社区聚会和文娱活动提供了条件，例如：篮球赛、瑜伽课、舞蹈课和音乐会等。
The architectural centerpiece of the park is the Sunset Canopy, a 16,000 sq ft timber structure supported by six “bundled” steel columns. Its wood beams are constructed with glued laminated timber (glulam), an engineered wood product with a much lower carbon footprint than traditional reinforced concrete or steel. Above the beams, louvered roof monitors, also made of wood, provide sun and rain protection for those below. The pavilion is designed to host community activities and events year-round—including basketball, yoga classes, dance lessons, and concerts.
▼“日落天篷”夜景，night view of the Sunset Canopy © Tom Harris
▼支撑顶棚的钢柱，the steel columns supporting the canopy © Tom Harris
▼顶棚细部，details of the roof © Tom Harris
该公园整合了两件由当地委托设计的全新公共艺术装置作品：一个是由Theaster Gates设计的“聆听纪念碑”（Monument to Listening），另一个是由出生于孟菲斯的纽约市艺术家James Little设计的多颜色、几何图案篮球场装置。其中篮球场就位于“日落天篷”之下。
The park integrates two newly commissioned public art installations: A Monument to Listening , by Theaster Gates, and a multi-colored, geometrically patterned basketball court installation created by New York City-based artist James Little, who was born and raised in Memphis. Little’s project is situated under the Sunset Canopy.
▼游乐场，play ground © Tom Harris
一系列开放的草坪定义了公园的四个不同区域：城市门户、活动核心、社区河漫滩，以及栖息地露台。虽然每个区域都有自己独特的特点，但它们却因受密西西比河水文形式启发的总体规划统一起来。受密西西比河活力的启发，原本平坦的草坪转化为起伏小丘，与本土植物和树木一起塑造了丰富的活动空间。这些空间除了能够为当地市民提供休闲、娱乐与沉思的场所外，还为当地的鸟类和传粉昆虫提供了栖息地，为这些沿着密西西比河道走廊迁徙的生灵提供了歇脚地。
A series of open lawns define the park’s four zones: the Civic Gateway, Active Core, Community Batture, and Habitat Terraces. While each has its own distinct character, they are unified by an overarching plan inspired by the hydrological forms of the Mississippi River. Transforming a once flat expanse of lawn, undulating hills of native plants and trees sculpt spaces inspired by the dynamism of the Mississippi River. Civic, recreational, to contemplative, these spaces host a range of activities and provide habitat for native birds and pollinator insects that migrate along the Mississippi Flyway Corridor.
▼丰富的本地植被为当地生物多样性做出了贡献，the rich native vegetation contributes to the local biodiversity © Tom Harris
项目的规划和设计过程于2017年开始，数千名孟菲斯当地人对其投入了大量努力，同时该项目还涉及一项“青年设计领袖计划”，让当地青少年参与到了设计的过程当中。“从项目一开始，设计团队就以有意义和可持续的方式将社区纳入其中，因此公园的规划反映了社区本身的想法和愿景。”Gang工作室的城市规划负责人Gia Biagi说道。
The planning and design process, which got underway in 2017, involved the substantive input of thousands of Memphians as well as a Youth Design Leadership program, which embedded local teens in the design process.“From the outset of this project, the design team included the community in meaningful and sustained ways, so the park’s programming reflects the ideas and vision voiced by the community itself,” says Gia Biagi, Urbanism Principal at Studio Gang.
▼场地平面图，site plan © Studio Gang
▼核心区平面图，active core plan © Studio Gang
▼透视图，perspective drawing © Studio Gang
▼立面图，elevations © Studio Gang
▼剖面图，sections © Studio Gang
Total area: 20,000 square feet
Total covered area: 16,000 square feet
Height, from ground to top of roof monitors: 37 feet (average)
Height, from ground to top of column: 47 feet
Siting: The Civic Canopy is oriented north-south to have the most efficient sun shading over the
course of the day and year, with the goal of maximizing its usefulness and comfort for park visitors.
Construction: The majority of the structure’s beams are 13 feet and 40 feet long. The four primary
beams are each composed of three separate glulam segments that are spliced together to achieve a
total length of 125 feet.
Material: The wood used for the glulam beams is sustainably harvested Southern yellow pine. The
wood used for the roof monitor louvers is sustainably harvested Douglas fir.
Name: The Sunset Canopy is named in honor of Tyre Nichols, a young Black man who lived in
Memphis and loved taking photos of the sunsets along the Mississippi. He died tragically in January
2023 after being brutally beaten by police officers following a traffic stop.
